Biology

Dr. Wexler

Sample Questions for Cell Structure/Function Unit Test

Cell Membrane

Cell Wall

Chloroplast

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Body

Lysosomes

Mitochondrion

Nucleus

Ribosome

Vacuole

1. Brain of the cell

2. Aid in killing “swallowed” (phagocytosed) microbes by fusing with the phagosome

3. Aid in recycling old, worn-out mitochondria by fusing with them

4. Contains chromosomes, which govern the cells activities and determine heredity

5. Addresses vesicles for transport to specific locations

6. Consists mainly of cellulose

7. Consists of protein and RNA

8. Contains ATP synthase

9. Produces oxygen as a waste product

10. Contains channel proteins to facilitate diffusion of molecules in or out of the cell

11. Contain digestive enzymes for breaking down macromolecules to their subunits

12. Contains the light-sensitive pigment chlorophyll

13. Contains the nucleolus, which produces an important component of ribosomes: rRna

14. Contains water and dissolved nutrients

15. Energy factory of the cell

16. Flexible barrier that encloses the cytoplasm

17. Highway of the cell

18. Maintains plant cell shape

19. Organelle found only in plants and some protists

20. The only organelle found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes

21. Packages proteins into vesicles for transport

22. Post office of the cell

23. Powerplant of the cell

24. Larger in plant cells than in animal cells

25. “Smooth form” is a network of tubules and vesicles that store various enzymes

26. Produces carbon dioxide as a waste product

27. Produces energy using light

28. Protein factory of the cell

29. “Rough form” contains ribosomes, which manufacture proteins

30. Protects plant cell from damage

31. Site of photosynthesis

32. Stiff barrier between the inside and outside of plant cells

33. When full, it keeps plant cells stiff, preventing the plant from wilting

34. Produces ATP in the dark

35. The only organelle that lacks a membrane

36. Transports proteins and lipids

37. Semipermeable barrier between the inside and outside of the cell

38. The mitochondria:
    A. are symbiotic with the cell
    B. evolved from bacteria
    C. divide independently of the cell
    D. All of the above

39. The mitochondria:
    A. contain chromosomes
    B. contain ribosomes
    C. contain two sets of membranes
    D. All of the above

40. Chromosomes are found in:
    A. chloroplasts
    B. mitochondria
    C. the nucleus
    D. All of the above

41. Mitochondria are found in:
    A. all eukaryotes
    B. all prokaryotes (bacteria)
    C. some eukaryotes

D. some prokaryotes

42. Chloroplasts are found in:
    A. some prokaryotes
    B. some eukaryotes
    C. all prokaryotes (bacteria)

D. all eukaryotes

43. ATP stands for
    A. adenosine tris-phosphate
    B. adenine triphosphate
    C. adenosine triphosphate

D. adenine tris-phosphate

44. The energy currency of the cell is
    A. Glucose
    B. Vitamin D
    C. ATP

D. None of the above

45. Membrane channels are composed of what macromolecule?
    A. protein
    B. polysaccharide
    C. nucleic acid

D. lipid

46. Membrane bilayers are primarily composed of what macromolecule?
    A. lipid
    B. nucleic acid
    C. polysaccharide

D. protein

47. Hereditary information is encoded in what macromolecule?
    A. protein
    B. polysaccharide
    C. nucleic acid

D. lipid

48. The nucleolus
    A. consists of parts of certain chromosomes
    B. directs the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
    C. consists of DNA

D. All of the above

49. Plant cells have cell walls consisting primarily of:
    A. pectin
    B. lignin
    C. chitin

D. cellulose

50. Animal cells contain
    A. cell walls
    B. chloroplasts
    C. mitochondria

D. All of the above

E. None of the above