Biology Block______ Name____________________________________
Dr. Wexler

Protein Structure/Function Unit Test

Date________

1. Describe and illustrate the four levels of protein structure.

2. How many different amino acid are used by cells to make proteins?

3. Discuss why having this number of different amino acids leads to greater protein variety than having a smaller number.

4. Draw a simplified diagram of the freight train model for protein primary structure.

5. Compare and contrast the properties of covalent and hydrogen bonds in terms of their chemical nature and their relative strengths.

6. What is the role of hydrogen bonds in protein structure?

7. Draw a molecular model of a dipeptide. Circle the peptide bond.

8. Dehydration synthesis between two amino acids results in the formation of a type of covalent bond called a _____________________ bond.

9. Dehydration synthesis results in the formation of what common molecule?

10. Compare the structure of globular and fibrous proteins by drawing a simplified model of each type.

11. Contrast the properties of globular and fibrous proteins in terms of:

A. Which is soluble in water?

B. Which is insoluble in water?

C. Which produces hard, layered structures?

D. Which make up the enzymes?

12. Briefly describe what happens to a protein's structure when it is denatured?

13. What does denaturation do to a protein's ability to function?

14. Make a brief statement relating protein structure and protein function:

15. What everyday denaturation method will affect all but a protein's primary structure? Give an example from your kitchen.



16. What denaturation method will affect a protein's primary structure by breaking up protein primary structure?

17. What is the optimum temperature for enzyme activity in the human body? Why is this the case?

18. Define: enzyme active site

19. Define: substrate for an enzyme

20. Describe and illustrate the enzyme/substrate lock and key model

21. How do enzymes affect the activation energy of enzyme-mediated reactions:

22. Illustrate your answer to Q21 using two side-by-side energy diagrams (energy on the y-axis and time on the x-axis). Label the reactant side and the product side of each diagram. Be sure to point out the relative differences in activation energy comparing the two diagrams. (note: one diagram represents what happens without enzyme, and the other diagram represents what happens with enzyme).